This is tricky, mainly because it’s very difficult to ‘feel’ what ‘hooks’ and holds your opponent has secured – something which comes with experience.

Don’t shoot and then turtle up if you don’t secure the takedown straight away.

I tend to shoot and anticipate the sprawl and immediately look to reach over and around the underhook. Unfortunately I can’t find a video to demonstrate this:

Shoot and immediately base on your right hand
Rotate clockwise and throw left hand over opponent’s right arm – rotate and go to his back.
– This only works if opponent has an underhook, or really loose overhook on your left armpit/arm.

It looks a bit like this (see the video not the preview image):

And like this, but ideally you won’t have to stand up:

– If he doesn’t have underhooks, but is sprawling hard, try and secure a leg with one hand
– Post with the other and rotate towards the leg
– Hook leg with your foot

From the over under position, you can try and do the same -reach over and around the underhook,

The Danger with the reach-over counter to the underhook, is that he will try and flip you with the underhook – so be ready to drop your weight on it instead.

• You can trap the underhook, drop your weight towards it and rotate the opposite way:

If you have a hold of one of the legs:

If you grab the foot in between his legs, rather than to the side, then rotate the opposite way – taking your bum towards the free leg so that your pulling his feet together

If you catch the outside leg, as in the video above, but can’t finish, pull the leg through the middle and rotate the opposite way

If he sprawl with no hooks, capture his arms by sinking your elbows right back, then sit through

I thought this was a nice takedown:

Finally, if it’s BJJ or MMA and you feel any forearm pressure around your throat, you have to fight like mad to pull it off your throat and sneak a hand inside.
Definitely know how to defend the guillotine and the reverse rear naked choke:

I have no idea how to defend this once it is locked in – just don’t ‘pause’ and think in the turtle position after a shot, rotate, knee slide, or get out of there – don’t wait for him to choke you or take your back!